🔌 What is Electrical Capacity?
Electrical capacity = maximum electricity a circuit, panel, or generator can handle safely.
Measured in Amperes (Amps).
Exceeding capacity → risk of...
General Rules
All plugs and socket outlets must be 3-pin type.
Provide an adequate number of sockets in each room.
In sub-power circuits:
Use only 3-pin, 16A sockets.
Each...
IEC (most of Europe) AC power circuit wiring color codes
FunctionlabelColor, IECColor, old IECProtective earthPEgreen-yellowgreen-yellowNeutralNblueblueLine, single phaseLbrownbrown or blackLine, 3-phaseL1brownbrown or blackLine, 3-phaseL2blackbrown or blackLine,...
What is the NEC?
The National Electrical Code (NEC) sets the standard for safe electrical wiring and equipment installation in the U.S.
Published by the National...
Electrocution is one of the most serious hazards at work. Following simple precautions can greatly reduce the risk.
🔧 1. Use the Right Equipment
Choose double-insulated...
⚡ Safe Handling of Live Wires and Circuits
🔎 Hazards of Improper Handling
Electrical Shock – direct contact with live wires.
Fire Risk – overloaded/damaged wires can...
🔒 Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) – Why It Matters
⚡ What is Lockout/Tagout?
LOTO = Lock + Tag on equipment during repair, servicing, or maintenance.
Prevents unexpected startup or...
🛡️ Types of PPE
Head Protection – Hard hats with electrical insulation.
Eye & Face Protection – Safety glasses, goggles, face shields (for sparks/arc flash).
Hearing Protection...
Keep equipment away from water – Maintain at least 5 feet distance and use GFCIs to prevent shocks and fire hazards.
Unplug safely – Always...
A simple circuit with a single resistor connected to a voltage source (battery).
Charges move through the resistor from the positive terminal of the source...
What a triangle wave is
A triangle wave is a periodic waveform that linearly ramps up then linearly ramps down (or vice versa), forming a...
What is a square wave
A square wave is a periodic waveform that switches between two levels (for example +A and −A, or “on” and...
