Animation Electronics

A semiconductor is a material that has electrical conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator. It can conduct electricity under certain conditions,...

Definition: A PN junction diode is formed when a p-type semiconductor (rich in holes) is joined with an n-type semiconductor (rich in electrons). The junction...

Intrinsic Semiconductor Definition: An intrinsic semiconductor is a pure form of semiconductor material (like silicon or germanium) with no impurities. Its electrical conductivity comes only from...

Definition: A PN junction diode works in two modes depending on how the external voltage is applied: Forward Bias: Current flows easily. Reverse Bias: Current is almost...

A Light Emitting Diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that emits light when current flows through it in the forward direction. Unlike ordinary diodes,...

A Zener diode is a special type of diode designed to allow current to flow not only in the forward direction (like a normal...

A photodiode is a semiconductor device that converts light into an electrical current. It operates in reverse bias and generates current when exposed to...

This diagram explains how to build a basic 12V audio amplifier circuit using the AN7523N IC. It’s ideal for powering small speakers (like a...