Electrical Wiring Color Codes and Standards
IEC (most of Europe) AC power circuit wiring color codes
FunctionlabelColor, IECColor, old IECProtective earthPEgreen-yellowgreen-yellowNeutralNblueblueLine, single phaseLbrownbrown or blackLine, 3-phaseL1brownbrown or blackLine, 3-phaseL2blackbrown or blackLine,...
Electrical Symbols on Floor Plans & Blueprints
Electrical plans, wiring diagrams, and installation layouts all rely on standardized symbols.
Consistency ensures that electricians, inspectors, and contractors all “speak the same language.”
Standardized symbols...
Introduction to Common Electrical Symbols
Electrical symbols are universal representations used in diagrams and schematics to show electrical components and connections clearly.
Power Supply Schematic Symbols
SchematicSymbolSymbol IdentificationDescription of SymbolSingle CellA...
National Electrical Code (NEC) Basics Every Electrician Should Know
What is the NEC?
The National Electrical Code (NEC) sets the standard for safe electrical wiring and equipment installation in the U.S.
Published by the National...
Maximum Load Capacity Rules for Circuits
🔌 What is Electrical Capacity?
Electrical capacity = maximum electricity a circuit, panel, or generator can handle safely.
Measured in Amperes (Amps).
Exceeding capacity → risk of...
Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) – Why It’s Important for Electricians
🔒 Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) – Why It Matters
⚡ What is Lockout/Tagout?
LOTO = Lock + Tag on equipment during repair, servicing, or maintenance.
Prevents unexpected startup or...
Switch Symbols and Their Uses
Generic Switch Symbol
It is the symbol of a generic switch in open condition.
Closed switch
It is a generic symbol for closed switch. a closed switch...
Rules for Installing Switches and Sockets
General Rules
All plugs and socket outlets must be 3-pin type.
Provide an adequate number of sockets in each room.
In sub-power circuits:
Use only 3-pin, 16A sockets.
Each...
Must-Know Electrical Symbols for Electricians
Location Symbols for Installations
Machine, general symbol* function etcLoad, general symbol* detailsMotor starter, general symbol* Indicates type etc.Socket-outlet, general symbol Twin Socket-outlet, general symbolSwitched socket-outlet Twin Switched...
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in Electrical Work
🛡️ Types of PPE
Head Protection – Hard hats with electrical insulation.
Eye & Face Protection – Safety glasses, goggles, face shields (for sparks/arc flash).
Hearing Protection...
Basic Electrical Safety Rules Every Electrician Must Follow
Keep equipment away from water – Maintain at least 5 feet distance and use GFCIs to prevent shocks and fire hazards.
Unplug safely – Always...
Safe Working at Heights in the Electricity Supply Industry
Working at heights on electricity network poles and structures involves serious risks such as falls and electrical hazards. Proper training, equipment, and safe practices...
